The Principle of Relativity

"The Principle of Relativity" by Albert Einstein and H. Minkowski is a scientific publication written in the early 20th century. This work compiles several foundational papers on the theory of relativity, including significant contributions from both Einstein and Minkowski, thereby marking a pivotal advancement in physics. The main focus is on the principles that govern the behavior of moving bodies and the nature of space and time, reshaping our understanding of physics and the universe as a whole. The opening of this seminal text presents a historical introduction that traces the evolution of scientific thought regarding the concept of ether and its relationship to light and electromagnetic phenomena. It recounts experimental failures that challenged traditional views, such as the Michelson-Morley experiment, which sought to detect Earth's motion through the ether but yielded null results. This section sets the stage for the introduction of relativity, discussing how these past investigations led to a need for a new theoretical framework, culminating in the bold assertions that would characterize Einstein's groundbreaking theories. (This is an automatically generated summary.)

Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist who is widely held as one of the most influential scientists. Best known for developing the theory of relativity, Einstein also made important contributions to quantum mechanics. His mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2, which arises from special relativity, has been called "the world's most famous equation". He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect", a pivotal step in the development of quantum theory.